rssdesign

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	<title>rssdesign</title>
	<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com</link>
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	<pubDate>Tue, 21 Oct 2025 16:20:34 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>intro_design</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/intro_design</link>

		<pubDate>Tue, 29 May 2018 04:17:41 +0000</pubDate>

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	Robert Stuart-Smith Design Ltd (RS-SDesign) is a RIBA Chartered, international design practice based in London that engages in architectural design, urban, product and interior design, and art. &#38;nbsp;A number of current projects involve the design of bespoke buildings that are to be executed using custom robotic fabrication methods. The practice has extensive knowledge in building design, additive manufacturing (3D printing), generative design, robotic fabrication/construction and advanced methods of computation (also supported by Robert’s research and technology developments: the Autonomous Manufacturing Labs, Behavioural Robotics &#38;amp; Kokkugia). &#38;nbsp;This specialization &#38;nbsp;can be applied to a wide range of applications, and has seen the practice work on both small and large-scale projects in a number of countries including UK, Spain, Mexico, Indonesia, Brazil, Khazakstahn, China, and Australia. RS-SDesign has received an RCA Design Innovation Award, was awarded third place in the public vote for the Helsinki Public Library Competition, and was one of three UK firms to be invited to participate in the 2017 Kazakhstan Expo 2017 competition, while the practices’ work has been extensively exhibited and published internationally.
We specialize in:Building DesignGenerative DesignAdditive Manufacturing (3D printing)Robotic Fabrication/ConstructionBehavior-based &#38;amp; Multi-Agent programmingAdvanced computation


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		<title>about_rss_OLD</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/about_rss_OLD</link>

		<pubDate>Mon, 28 May 2018 19:35:55 +0000</pubDate>

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    Robert operates at the intersection of design, robotics and computation, working in these fields in both business and academia. He is a co-founding director of international architecture and design practice Robert Stuart-Smith Design, the tech company Behavioural Robotics, and co-founding partner of the design-computation research group - Kokkugia. Robert’s work operates at the forefront of innovation and is enhanced through his engagement in academic research and teaching. Robert is the co-founding director of two Autonomous Manufacturing Labs, one based in Architecture (AML-Penn) and the other in Computer Science (AML-UCL) where he conducts funded research on multi-robot fabrication and construction. He is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at University of Pennsylvania, and Principal Research Associate at University College of London’s Department of Computer Science. Robert was previously a Studio Course Master at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London for eight years, running a design studio in the AA’s Design Research Laboratory, and has also taught architecture at University of Innsbruck, RMIT University, Washington University, and UEL. Robert specializes in generative design, behavior-based robotics and multi-agent systems. He consulted to Cecil Balmond on computational design-engineering research in Arup's Advanced Geometry Unit for a number of years and has extensive building project experience with leading architectural practices in Melbourne and London, while Robert's own design practice - Robert Stuart-Smith Design (RSSD) is based in the UK, and designs bespoke projects that are executed using custom robotic fabrication methods. Robert’s work has been exhibited and published widely in a number of seminal journals and expositions. He is an internationally invited lecturer and critic.
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		<title>publications</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/publications</link>

		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 2018 18:42:21 +0000</pubDate>

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Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Approaching Natural Complexity - The Algorithmic Embodiment of&#38;nbsp;Production.” In Meeting Nature Halfway, edited by Marjan Colletti and Peter Massin, Innsbruck&#38;nbsp;University Press. 2018. 260–69.
Pawar, V. M., Stuart-Smith, R., &#38;amp; Scully, P. “Toward autonomous architecture: The convergence&#38;nbsp;of digital design, robotics, and the built environment.” Science Robotics, 2(5), 2017.

Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Behavioural Production: A Swarm Constructed Architecture”, AD Architectural&#38;nbsp;Design: Parametricsm 2. UK: Whiley
Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Behavioural Production: A Swarm-Printed Architecture” Fictional Frontieres&#38;nbsp;Session, ACSA 2015 Proceedings. Toronto,&#38;nbsp;Canada: ACSA, 2015. 20-29.

Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Architectural Agency for an unparalled present” Bast,Hadid, Schumacher Eds.Fluid Totality: Studio Zaha Hadid 2000-2015, University of Applied Arts Vienna, Angewandte, Vienna. Switzerland:&#38;nbsp;Birkauser&#38;nbsp;2015.

Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Building Life-cycle: A Generative Design Approach to Production”, World Architecture Review, No. 164, 32-53. 
Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Qualitative affects of building life-cycle: The formation of architectural matter” Padalos &#38;amp; Rassia Eds. Cities for Smart Environmental and Energy Futures: Impacts on Architecture and Technology. UK: Springer, 2013. ISBN 978-3-642-37660-3
Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Behavioural Matter”. Revista de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Costa Rica, Volúmen 2 -2013, Número 4, ISSN 2215-275X. 25-39.
Snooks, Stuart-Smith. “Non Linear Formation: Or how to resist the parametric subversion of computational design” New Computational Paradigms in Architecture. China:Tsinghua University Press, 2012. 140-147. Tom Verebes, Liu Yanchuan, XuFeng(Eds).

Stuart-Smith, Robert. “Formation and Polyvalence: The Self-Organisation of Architectura Matter” Ambience’ 11&#38;nbsp;Proceedings. Boras,&#38;nbsp;Sweden: University of Boras, 2011. 20-29. 
Snooks, Stuart-Smith. “Non Linear Formation: Or how to resist the parametric subversion of computational design” Apomechanes: Non Linear Computational Design Strategies. Greece:Asprimera Publications, 2010. 90-97, 108-117.

Poborksek, Snooks, Stuart-Smith. “Kokkugia”. Detaili. Issue 01, 2008, Sofia, Bulgaria. QM Media. 110-114. Poborksek, Snooks, Stuart-Smith. “Kokkugia: iSaw, Lt Collins St Baths” 100%: Pasajes Arquitectura y critica. October, Number 100, 2008. Spain:&#38;nbsp;Pasajes Arquitectura. 16.

Glancey, J &#38;amp; Léglise, F. “Kokkugia” Architecture Numérique. L’Architecture D’Aujourd’hui&#38;nbsp;Volume 397, Sept-Oct 2013. L’Architecture D’Aujourd’hui, France, 2013. 66-71

Brayer, Marie-Ange &#38;amp; Migayrou, Frédéric. “Kokkugia”. Naturaliser l’architecture: ArchiLab. Frac Centre, Editions HYX, France, 2013. 208-211.

Qian Zhu, Ed. “ proto design” Urban Flux. Vol 4, 2012. China: Art and Design Publishing House, ISSN 1008-2832

Stefano Boeri Ed. “Kokkugia” Challenge of the time: Iakov Chernikhov International Prize for Young Architects. Russia: Iakov Chernikhov Foundation, Tatlin, 2011. 162-163.

Iam, Por. “Final del Juego: Ultimas practicas del diseno” Fahrenheit: Art Contemporano&#38;nbsp;Mexico: Groupo Infagon, Ano 8, No.45, 2011. 46-51.
Seakins, Brett (Ed.) Architect Victoria, Summer 2011, Melbourne, 2011.

Caroline Klein, Ed. “Futuristic: Visions of Future living”, 2011. Germany, DAAB Media, Cologne, 2011 ISBN 978-3-942597-09-8

“Kokkugia”, Artichoke, Issue 31, June/August 2010, ISSN 1442-0953.

“AA Prize for Unbuilt Work”, Architecture Australia, Vol 99 No 1, January/February, 2010. 

Weiguo, Xu. &#38;amp; Leach, Neil. (Eds). Machinic Processes, China Architecture &#38;amp; Building Press, Beijing, 2010.

“Textual Process”, Urban Environment Design, number 047, October 2010.

“A Dialogue of Machinic Processes” + “Roads to Parametric Prototype”, Domus China, No 47, October 2010, ISSN 1672-0407. 

Leach, Neil. “Digital Towers” AD Architectural Design: Digital Cities. July/August 2009. UK: John Whiley &#38;amp; Sons Ltd.

Leach, Neil. “Swarm Urbanism” AD Architectural Design: Digital Cities. July/August 2009. UK: John Whiley &#38;amp; Sons Ltd.

World architecture, Digital Tectonics, “Taipei Performing Arts Center” &#38;amp; ”Swarm Urbanism”, Volume 230, August 2009. 

Poborksek, Snooks, Stuart-Smith. “Im(m)material processes: Australia” Urban Flux. Vol 5, 2009. China: Art and Design Publishing House. 63-65.
”Kokkugia: Irapuato Pedestrian Bridge” Urban Environment Design, Northern United Publishing &#38;amp; Media, China, No.37, October, 2009. 

Architecture &#38;amp; Culture, Digit-Exploring-Thinking Issue No.66, September, 2009.&#38;nbsp;

Design Diffusion News, Design Diffusion Edizioni SRL, Milano, Italy, No.5, 2009.

Mario Antonio Arnaboldi, “Agora / Dreams And Visions.” L’ Arca&#38;nbsp;No. 227, 2007. Italy, L’Arca Editions. 58-67

Snooks, Roland. “Observations on the algorithmic emergence of character.” Models. Ed. Emily Abruzzo, Eric Ellingsen, Jonathan D.Solomon.&#38;nbsp;306090&#38;nbsp;Books, Volume 11. New York, 306090 Inc, 2007. 92-101

Leach, Neil &#38;amp; Xu Wei-Guo (Eds.) (Im)material Processes: Architectural Biennale Beijing.China: China-Building.com, 2006. Leach, Neil &#38;amp; Xu Wei-Guo (Eds).

Lani Steinberg (Ed.), “Evolve, Kokkugia”, Imagining the Future, Digital Design Biennale, Thames and Hudson, Melbourne. 


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		<title>about_rss</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/about_rss-1</link>

		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Jun 2018 04:33:33 +0000</pubDate>

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&#60;img width="1280" height="730" width_o="1280" height_o="730" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d5879b6d2e741ea1da0ae0b85e490e61feb5532935c640df54d54877983d1463/20231022_SUCAR_007_bw_1280px.jpg" data-mid="223725521" border="0"  src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d5879b6d2e741ea1da0ae0b85e490e61feb5532935c640df54d54877983d1463/20231022_SUCAR_007_bw_1280px.jpg" /&#62;
Robert Stuart-Smith operates at the intersection of design, computation, robotic fabrication, and collective robotic construction, working in these fields in both business and academia.
 Stuart-Smith directs the international architecture and design practice Robert Stuart-Smith Design and the Autonomous Manufacturing Lab (AML) which develops research into large-format additive manufacturing, multi-robot fabrication and collective robotic construction. The AML research labs operate from two insitutions - one based in Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania (AML-Penn) and the other in University College London's department of computer science (AML-UCL). Stuart-Smith is an Assistant Professor of Architecture and program director of the Master of Science in Design: Robotics and Autonomous Systems (MSD-RAS) at University of Pennsylvania and Principal Research Associate at University College London. He was a co-founder of the experimental design research group Kokkugia in 2004, and has published in journals including Nature, Science Robotics, AD Architectural Design, and Architecture D’Aujourd’hui. His work is part of the permanent collection at Frac Centre-Val de Loire and has been exhibited at the Venice, Tallinn, Beijing and Prague Architecture Biennales, and Paris Lieu de Design. He has taught at uPenn, AA, WashU, RMIT, and U.Innsbruck, and lectured at institutions including ETHZ, U.Stuttgart, MIT, CCA, Sci-Arc, AA, UCL Bartlett, RMIT, Angewandte, Strelka Institute, and Tsinghua University. His work has been featured by BBC Click, New Scientist, Smithsonian, Architizer, France 3, Daily Beast, and others.


Contact: 
info@robertstuart-smith.com


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		<title>news</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/news-1</link>

		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Jun 2018 04:33:12 +0000</pubDate>

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		<title>all</title>
				
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		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Nov 2024 01:08:34 +0000</pubDate>

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		<title>research</title>
				
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		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:08:27 +0000</pubDate>

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		<title>AM Wall Prototype #1</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/AM-Wall-Prototype-1</link>

		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Oct 2025 16:20:34 +0000</pubDate>

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&#60;img width="1292" height="1920" width_o="1292" height_o="1920" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/7389ea810e68628c77a4f619e27c2b907a8e7964926ddbcfb304fb5738623002/DSCF9380.jpg" data-mid="239680392" border="0"  src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/7389ea810e68628c77a4f619e27c2b907a8e7964926ddbcfb304fb5738623002/DSCF9380.jpg" /&#62;
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Wall Prototype #1 &#124; FGF Additive Manufactured Assembly︎ &#38;nbsp; ︎ &#38;nbsp; ︎ &#38;nbsp; &#38;nbsp;Next︎ 
A prototypical wall system comprised of
fused granulate fabrication (FGF) additively manufactured (AM) thermoplastic
panels is being developed for interior and exterior cladding and interior
partition applications. In contrast to industry-available systems, AM panels
are able to be realized with exceptional geometric variation, offering
opportunities for spatial adaptation, structural stiffening and aesthetic
exploration. This work-in-progress research is
determining suitable manufacturing methods to deliver high-strength, high-quality
parts while ensuring manufacturing time and material quantities are kept to a
minimum. For this prototype, a multi-agent algorithm was developed to produce
an organization of ridge-like elements that creates a nuanced and varied
aesthetic effect that relates to a corresponding method developed for
structural applications in other additively manufactured materials. &#38;nbsp; A
custom manufacturing software was also required that could determine variable
robotic toolpath velocities and corresponding material extrusion rates relative
to variations in a manufactured part’s geometry.


 Design: Robert Stuart-Smith Design Fabrication &#38;amp; Research: Autonomous Manufacturing Lab, University of Pennsylvania&#38;nbsp;

(Visit Penn’s Autonomous Manufacturing Lab (AML) website for more details)


Project Lead: Robert Stuart-Smith


Project
Team: Renhu (Franklin) Wu, Kodak Han, Jeremy Pham, Yiming Huo, Shunta Moriuchi,
Nicholas Sideropoulos, Simone Yang


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		<title>research: Siteless House</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/research-Siteless-House</link>

		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Nov 2024 23:51:58 +0000</pubDate>

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Siteless House &#124;&#38;nbsp;DFD PRECAST CONCRETE HOUSE︎ &#38;nbsp; ︎ &#38;nbsp; ︎ &#38;nbsp; &#38;nbsp;Next︎ 
Autonomous Manufacturing Lab (AML) + Polyhedral Structures Lab (PSL),&#38;nbsp;

University of Pennsylvania 


Collaborating Partner: Cemex GRD


(Visit Penn’s Autonomous Manufacturing Lab (AML) website for more details)


Siteless House explores an alternative approach to relocatable housing through the development of a new type of Design-For-Disassembly (DFD) light-weight precast concrete tectonic that operates as a structural building envelope with integrated floor and foundations. A design-computation and fabrication method for robot hot-wire cutting of expanded polystyrene (EPS foam) is being developed to enable the design and engineering of light-weight high-strength loose-fibre reinforced precast concrete building component parts. Each part is able to be produced with a variable geometrical form and surface articulation in order to further increase the material efficiency of each part, while exploring scale-free modes of architectural design expression. The project is on-going with a full-size prototype house planned for construction in the next academic year.
Penn Research Leads: Robert Stuart-Smith and Masoud Akbarzadeh.
Cemex Global R&#38;amp;D Research Lead: Vice President Davide Zampini.
Penn Researchers: Mahsa Masalegoo, Bowen Qin, Mariana Righi, David Forero, Riley Studebaker, Yi Dazhong, Yuxuan Wang, Jiangson Yuan, Emma Peng, Musab Badahdah, Ian Pangburn.
Cemex Global R&#38;amp;D Researchers: Alexandre Guerini, Carlos Enrique Terrado, Valentina Rizzo, Matthew Meyers.

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		<title>research: Aerial AM</title>
				
		<link>https://robertstuart-smith.com/research-Aerial-AM</link>

		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:04:06 +0000</pubDate>

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Aerial Additive Manufacturing &#124;&#38;nbsp; AML-Penn&#38;nbsp;︎ &#38;nbsp; ︎ &#38;nbsp; ︎ &#38;nbsp; &#38;nbsp;Next︎ 


(Visit Penn’s Autonomous Manufacturing Lab (AML) website for more details)


Additive manufacturing methods using static and mobile robots are being developed for both on-site construction and off-site prefabrication. Here we introduce a method of additive manufacturing, referred to as aerial additive manufacturing (Aerial-AM), that utilizes a team of aerial robots inspired by natural builders such as wasps who use collective building methods. We present a scalable multi-robot three-dimensional (3D) printing and path-planning framework that enables robot tasks and population size to be adapted to variations in print geometry throughout a building mission. The multi-robot manufacturing framework allows for autonomous three-dimensional printing under human supervision, real-time assessment of printed geometry and robot behavioural adaptation. Aerial-AM allows manufacturing in-flight and offers future possibilities for building in unbounded, at-height or hard-to-access locations.Research Team:Research Leaders: Mirko Kovac (PI), Robert Stuart-Smith (Co-I), Stefan Leutenegger (Co-I), Vijay Pawar (Co-I), Richard Ball (Co-I), Chris Williams (Co-I) and Paul Shephard (Co-I), and their respective research teams at Imperial College, University College London, University of Bath, University of Pennsylvania, Queen Mary University, and University of Munich.Researchers: Zhang, K., Chermprayong, P., Xiao, F., Tzoumanikas, D., Dams, B., Kay, S., Kocer, B. B., Burns, A., Orr, L., Choi, C., Darekar, D. D., Li, W., Hirschmann, S., Soana, V., Ngah, S. A., Sareh, S., Choubey, A

Industrial Adivsors:Cementation Skanska, Burohappold, Ultimaker, BRE

Image Credits:
Aerial AM Cementitious 3d print using a custom buildDrone with a delta-arm manipulator. Aerial Robotics Lab, Imperial college.Aerial AM foam 3d print. Sarah Lever photography. Autonomous Manufacturing lab, UCL. Timelapse light trace demonstrating multi-agent coordination of Aerial AM robot team. Autonomous Manufacturing lab, UCLMulti-Agent Aerial AM Simulations. Autonomous Manufacturing lab, University of Pennsylvania


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